What impact does the ozone layer have on ultraviolet radiation?

The correct choice highlights the role of the ozone layer in absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. The ozone layer, which is found in the stratosphere, contains a high concentration of ozone (O₃) molecules that are particularly effective at absorbing harmful UV radiation, specifically UV-B and UV-C types. This absorption process is crucial because it prevents a significant amount of ultraviolet radiation from reaching the Earth's surface, thereby protecting living organisms from the damaging effects associated with excessive UV exposure, such as skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues.

In this context, the other options present misunderstandings about the function of the ozone layer. For instance, while some might think the ozone layer increases the intensity of UV radiation, in reality, it serves to diminish this intensity by absorbing the radiation. Reflecting UV radiation back to space is not a primary role of the ozone layer; it is more about absorption than reflection. Lastly, claiming that the ozone layer has no effect on UV radiation overlooks its critical protective function, which is well-documented in environmental and health studies. Thus, the ozone layer is essential in safeguarding life on Earth by absorbing UV radiation, confirming the accuracy of the correct answer.