What is the primary driver of wind patterns on Earth?

The primary driver of wind patterns on Earth is related to Earth's rotation, specifically how this rotation affects atmospheric motions. As Earth rotates, it creates a phenomenon known as the Coriolis effect, which causes moving air (wind) to turn and twist as it moves across the planet's surface. This interaction modifies wind patterns, influencing the direction and speed of the winds.

While temperature differences can indeed influence local wind patterns by creating areas of high and low pressure, it's the rotation of the Earth that fundamentally shapes the global wind patterns, including trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies. Additionally, pressure systems play a significant role in determining wind direction and strength, but they are, in part, influenced by the temperature differences caused by solar heating. Humidity levels also affect weather conditions and can influence wind patterns locally, but they do not drive the larger, consistent wind systems on a global scale. Thus, the role of Earth's rotation is essential in understanding the overarching dynamics of wind flow on our planet.