What type of sedimentary evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics?

The evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics is most notably illustrated by the variation in sediment ages relative to tectonic plate boundaries. Sediments that are deposited near plate boundaries tend to exhibit distinct characteristics and ages compared to sediments found further away from these boundaries. This can be attributed to the dynamic processes occurring at plate margins, such as subduction, rifting, and seafloor spreading.

In regions where tectonic plates interact, new sediments are created and older sediments are either subducted or deformed, leading to a clear age distinction. This variation in sediment age forms part of the broader geological record that supports the movement and interactions of tectonic plates throughout Earth's history.

The other options, while they may reference sedimentary processes, do not directly connect to the fundamental evidence of plate tectonics in the same impactful manner as the age variation does. Uniformity in sediment thickness across continents could suggest stability rather than tectonic activity. Continuous layers of sedimentary rocks might indicate long periods of sedimentation but don't necessarily reflect plate movement. The absence of fossils in sediments does not provide viable evidence against or for the movements of tectonic plates; rather, it's more related to specific environmental conditions during sediment formation.